Ammonium Chloride

• Synonyms: Sal Ammoniac, Cloruro de Amonio, Cloruro Amonico
• CAS No.: 7646-85-7, Molecular Weight: 53.5, Chemical Formula: NH4Cl

Ammonium Chloride IPDescription: Colorless crystals or white crystalline powder.
Solubility: Freely soluble in water; sparingly soluble in ethanol.
Assay: Content not less than 99% and not more than 100.5% of NH4Cl calculated on dry basis.
Clarity and color of solution: A 10% w/w solution is clear & colorless.
pH of 5% solution: 4.5 to 6.0.
Arsenic: 4 ppm  maximum
Heavy Metals: 10 ppm  maximum.
Magnesium & alkali salts: 1%  maximum
Iron: 20 ppm  maximum
Sulfate: 150 ppm  maximum
Sulfated ash: 0.1%  maximum
Calcium: 200 ppm  maximum
Thiocyanate: To pass the test
Loss on drying @105C: 1%  maximum

Ammonium Chloride USP
NH4Cl 53.49

Assay— Ammonium Chloride contains not less than 99.5 percent and not more than 100.5 percent of NH4Cl, calculated on the dried basis.
Packaging and storage— Preserve in tight containers.
Identification— A solution (1 in 10) responds to the tests for Ammonium and for Chloride
pH: between 4.6 and 6.0, in a solution (1 in 20).
Loss on drying— Dry it over silica gel for 4 hours: it loses not more than 0.5% of its weight.
Residue on ignition— Add 1 mL of sulfuric acid to about 2 g, accurately weighed, and heat the mixture gently until volatilization is complete: the residue is white, and when ignited, not more than 0.1% of nonvolatile substance remains.
Limit of thiocyanate— Acidify 10 mL of a solution (1 in 10) with hydrochloric acid, and add a few drops of ferric chloride TS: no orange-red color is produced.
Heavy metals: 0.001%.

Ammonium Chloride BP
NH4Cl

DEFINITION
Content or Assay
99.0 per cent to 100.5 per cent (On dried substance basis).

CHARACTERS
Appearance
White or almost white, crystalline powder or colorless crystals.
Solubility
Freely soluble in water.

IDENTIFICATION
A. It gives the reactions of chlorides.
B. 10 ml of solution gives the reaction of ammonium salts.

TESTS
Solution S
A 10% solution:
Appearance of solution: Solution is clear and colorless.
Acidity or alkalinity: To 10 ml of solution S add 0.05 ml of methyl red solution. Not more than 0.5 ml of 0.01 M hydrochloric acid or 0.01 M sodium hydroxide is required to change the color of the indicator.
Bromides and iodides: To 10 ml of solution S add 0.1 ml of dilute hydrochloric acid R and 0.05 ml of chloramine solution. After 1 min, add 2 ml of chloroform R and shake vigorously. The chloroform layer remains colorless.
Sulphates: Maximum 150 ppm.
Calcium: Maximum 200 ppm.
Iron: Maximum 20 ppm.
Heavy metals: Maximum 10 ppm.
Loss on drying: Maximum 1.0 per cent, determined on 1.00 g by drying in an oven at 105 °C for 2 h.
Sulphated ash: Maximum 0.1 per cent, determined on 2.0 g.